Effect of Titanium-Doped Hydroxyapatite on Biofilm Formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

In this study, we synthesized titanium-doped hydroxyapatite (HAP-Ti) by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and evaluated its antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The synthesis was optimized by controlling parameters such as temperature, reaction time, and molar ratio of precursors to favor the homogeneous incorporation of titanium into the crystalline structure of hydroxyapatite. Structural and morphological characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm the crystalline phase and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze the morphology and particle distribution. The antibacterial activity of HAP-Ti was evaluated by minimum inhibitory con-centration (MIC) assays, cell viability assays, and biofilm inhibition in P. aeruginosa cultures under controlled conditions. Different concentrations of the bio-material were exposed to bacterial cultures and cell viability was determined by spectrophotometry. Biofilm inhibition was analyzed by crystal violet staining and microscopy, observing the density and distribution of adhered structures. The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition, with a significant reduction in bacterial growth and biofilm formation in the presence of HAP-Ti. These findings highlight the potential of HAP-Ti for biomedical applications, particularly in the development of implants and prostheses with antimicrobial properties, which could contribute to the prevention of biofilm-associated infections and improve the biocompatibility of medical devices.